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Alfred Fones
Alfred Civilion Fones (1869 – March 15, 1938) was an American dentist from Bridgeport, Connecticut, who has been called the founder of the profession of dental hygiene, starting in 1906. Fones created the name "dental hygienist" and in 1913 established the first school of dental hygiene.〔(Fones, Alfred: Founding of the Dental Hygiene term ) Retrieved on 2007-12-19〕 Fone's father was also a practicing dentist, and the first "dental commissioner" for the City of Bridgeport. Alfred Fones graduated from the New York College of Dentistry in 1890.
==Founding dental hygienist profession==
In 1906〔Most sources, and the more authoritative sources, say 1906, although the web site for Central High School in Bridgeport, on two separate Web pages, says 1905〕 he trained his chairside assistant〔()"History of the Fones School of Dental Hygiene" Web page at the University of Bridgeport Web site, accessed December 17, 2007〕 (and his cousin), Irene M. Newman, to clean teeth and perform other preventive treatments on children, making her the world's first dental hygienist.〔() Web page titled "Dental Hygiene Movement Started in Bridgeport, Connecticut" at the web site of Central High School in Bridgeport, Connecticut, accessed December 17, 2007〕 Newman's training consisted in large part in learning to clean teeth under Fones' guidance. For teaching aids, Fones took the many extracted teeth from his practice, mounted them in a modeling compound and painted plaster of Paris around the neck of each tooth to represent calculus and stains. Newman started performing oral prophylaxis for the public in 1907.〔 (She later received the first license as a dental hygienist in Connecticut,〔() Web page titled "History of Dentistry/ Innovations in Techniques and Technology—The 20th Century" at the American Dental Association Web site, accessed December 17, 2007〕 and she became the first president of the Connecticut Dental Hygienists Association; she died November 15, 1958 at the age of 83.〔Associated Press report dated November 15, 1958, ''New York Times'', published November 17, 1958〕)
Fones once said: "It is primarily to this important work of public education that the dental hygienist is called. She must regard herself as the channel through which dentistry’s knowledge of mouth hygiene is to be disseminated the greatest service she can perform is the persistent education of the public in mouth hygiene and the allied branches of general hygiene."〔() Wyoming Dental Hygienists' Association newsletter, Summer 2007, accessed December 17, 2007〕
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